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The Grace of God
The fullness of God's grace is beyond human appreciation, comprehension or full knowledge. The riches of His goodness cannot be expressed or described with human words of expression. Our best efforts will scarcely be an approximation, hardly doing justice to the true meaning of God's grace. We can admire the beauty of divine grace, but exploring its depths is a mere impossibility. At best we can only stand in awe at what we see, and exclaim with the Apostle Paul:
(Romans 11:33-36 NIV)
For we do not preach ourselves, but Jesus Christ as Lord, and ourselves as your servants for Jesus' sake (2 Corinthians 4:5 NIV)
But we have this treasure in jars of clay to show that this all-surpassing power is from God and not from us (2 Corinthians 4:7 NIV)
Before we notice what the Bible says about God's grace, we need to keep in mind two fundamental and eternal principles that run throughout the Scriptures. One has to do with God's nature -- the other has to do with ours.
The first is found in the first part of Romans 6:23 as follows:
In other words, it is an eternal principle that states that God must punish sin. Any doctrine, any definition, any concept which does not take this into account is wrong, and anything based on such an incorrect assertion would be considered completely invalid. According to God's own revelation of Himself in Scripture and in Jesus Christ, God inherently hates sin and must punish it. The wages of sin is death. It is a part of God's own divine nature that this be true. God cannot overlook sin forever. Sin cannot exist in the presence of God, because God is holy. Because God is God, sin must be punished.
This is the second eternal principle, just as true and just as eternal as the first. This eternal principle has to do with our fallen nature, and it is stated in Romans 3:23
Human beings since Adam, because we are a fallen race, always sin. With the exception of Jesus Christ, every responsible man and woman who has ever lived, or lives, has sinned. The human race fell into sin through the disobedience of Adam, our first representative (Romans 5:18). By our own disobedience, and continued inclination to sin, we prove to ourselves that we are truly Adam's descendants. Therefore, we have all sinned in two ways -- representatively, in our first forefather, and individually, by our own wrong choices. There can be no doubt that we all are sinners. This is an eternal principle of God's word, basic to us for the simple reason that we are part of fallen humanity. All have sinned (in the past) and all continue to come short of God's glory. Like the first principle, any doctrine or definition or discussion of grace that does not take this into account is wrong, and anything based on such an incorrect assertion would also be considered completely invalid. In considering God's grace, then, we see two fundamental principles that cannot be ignored. First, because God is God, sin must be punished. Second, because we humans are fallen, we have always sinned. How can we reconcile these two truths? If all of us have sinned, and if sin demands death, how can anyone be saved? If God, in His very nature, hates and punishes sin, how can He ever bless, or smile with favor, or "save" any human being when all have sinned? The doctrine of God's grace must answer this question, which it does. Before we continue, we need to examine two elements of grace.
In the first place, grace is not license! The doctrine of "license" says, in effect: "Ignore God's law and count on His grace." Other manifestations of license take the effect of completely redefining God's law or the nature of what is sin - such as the what we see in the 21st Century with the appointing of homosexuals as clergy and leaders, infecting as a fatal disease many so-called Christian churches. This doctrine implies that our attitude and actions toward God do not matter at all -- that we can flagrantly live in knowing and willful rebellion against God if we wish --and that somehow God's grace will cover us when we face God in judgment. There are those today, as there were in New Testament times, who taught license in the name of grace. But the Scriptures clearly teach that grace is not license. License is a perversion of God's grace. It denies what we have seen already about God: that he hates sin and always punishes it. This error ignores God's just demand for a sinless life. It perverts the true grace of God. It is an insult to God's holy nature. It is wrong, and always has been. License is not grace, because license does not take into account the eternal principle which grows out of God's very nature: God demands a sinless life and always punishes sin with death. Grace does not mean "do as you please and somehow God will forgive everything." In the book of Romans, the Apostle Paul clearly addresses the issue of license:
However, some of those who heard Paul preach these things responded by accusing him of teaching license. They said that his teaching would encourage people to go ahead and sin, counting on God's grace to save them. Paul responded to this charge in the very next verses:
Paul continued in this theme when he wrote to young preacher Titus:
The Apostle Peter echoed Paul's statements. Infact, the book of second Peter was written for the express purpose of warning in advance the appearance of false teachers who would scoff at Christ's promised coming and would advocate lustful living (2 Peter 3:1-4). In response to these evil men, Peter admonished saints to live holy lives -- to be ready for the Lord's return:
Grace is not "do as you please." It is not license. It is not divine tolerance of sin. It does not sanction the ability to redefine sin and God's law as you see fit. License denies the fundamental truth of God's holy nature. It ignores the fact that He punishes sin and that the wages of sin is always death. License cannot even be a consideration in any dialogue of the true grace of God. Jude, the half-brother of the Lord, also stands with the Apostles Paul and Peter in their explanations on grace, writing to warn believers against those who would pervert the very nature of grace:
Grace is not legalism. A word should be said about this term, because it is frequently misused and abused. Legalism does not mean trying to please God. It is not legalistic to seek to do God's will as accurately and exactly as possible. Trying to strictly obey God's commands does not make one a legalist. An obedient and scrupulous person might be a legalist or might not be. But the desire or attempt to please God precisely is not the determining factor. Legalism is not law keeping, but law depending. It is not the idea of doing God's will and obeying his commands but of trusting in one's performance for salvation. One falls prey to legalism who supposes that he or she will be saved because of a personal record of obedience that is pleasing to God. Just as license ignores and fails to reckon with the fact that God, by nature, hates and punishes sin, so legalism ignores and fails to reckon with the fact that fallen human beings, that includes us all, are sinners. What legalism fails to consider is that no one, none in all humanity, ever keeps God's law perfectly. Legalism says in effect, "keep the rules perfectly and be saved;" But legalism fails to deal with the eternal principle that fallen humans do not keep the rules perfectly! We are sinners, you and I, and everyone else we know. Since Adam, we have been. We are now. Left to ourselves, we always will be. Grace is not simply God giving us his laws and saying, "Keep the rules and be saved" Just as license ignores the nature of God, so legalism ignores our own nature. No one could ever be saved by that kind of "grace." No man or woman has ever kept the rules perfectly -- either before becoming a Christian or after -- except Jesus Christ. Legalism frustrates the true grace of God and ignores the nature of fallen humanity. If grace were nothing more than legalism ("Here are the rules; keep them and be saved"), no one could be saved. For not one of our race, except Jesus Christ, has kept the rules perfectly -- which is but another way of saying that we have not "kept" them at all. And if salvation is by law, there is no room for grace. One either deserves to be saved or does not deserve salvation. Salvation is either earned or it is an undeserved gift -- it cannot be both. Legalism says that we will be saved because we have kept the rules -- because we have earned God's approval. Legalism might not come right out and admit it -- that would be too obvious and wrong. Legalism makes excuses for our shortcomings, it rationalizes our mistakes and errors, it talks all around the matter. It picks out certain rules and says that some are more important than others -- it makes all kind of maneuvers. But in the end legalism says: "Here are the rules. Keep them and be saved" Grace is not legalism. Legalism ignores our true fallen nature. Keeping the rules can save no one, because no one, aside from Jesus Christ, has ever done that. The grace of God is something else. Scripture warns against legalism as strongly and clearly as it warns against license. When certain Judean Christians went to the young church in Antioch and began to teach salvation on the basis of law keeping (in that instance, the Law of Moses), the apostles and elders met together in Jerusalem to settle the matter. It was almost inevitable that a showdown would come in the early church on this matter. Peter was one spokesman in the Jerusalem assembly. His answer to the legalists highlighted the same truth we have been talking about: the nature of man -- the fact that we are sinners, that we have never kept the rules perfectly and that any hope of salvation on the basis of our own performance is doomed from the very start.
Though Peter had stood firm on this occasion, even he was to play the hypocrite under different circumstances because of the pressures of party-men from Jerusalem. At Antioch, Peter was eating with the Gentile saints -- accepting them fully as brethren in the Lord, worthy of sharing in the common life. But when certain men came down from Jerusalem, Peter was intimidated by their presence and did not continue to eat with the non-Jewish Christians. This was not merely racial discrimination in a social sense (though it was also that, and was wrong), but was based on the thinking of some Jews that the Gentiles were not really accepted by God because they did not keep the Law of Moses. Paul rebuked Peter to his face for this, and said that he was not walking according to the truth of the gospel (Galatians 2:11-14). In writing to the Galatians, Paul relates some of his remarks to Peter on that occasion:
What Paul says in Galatians 2:16 had special reference to the Law of Moses. Peter's remarks in Acts 15 had special reference to the Law of Moses, as well. But the principle is the same with any law: we cannot be saved on the basis of law keeping because we never do keep law perfectly. It is a cold, hard fact that we always come short of God's perfect standard. This is undeniable reality -- stated in God's word and verified by all human experience. We are sinners, and even when we sincerely try to do right we do not consistently do what God wants us to do. Paul talks about this very problem in Romans, chapter 7. Legalism is not grace. God does not simply give a list of rules in the New Testament and say: "Here are the rules. Keep them and be saved." Scripture is very plain along this line. The law -- any law -- is weak through the flesh (see Romans 8:3). That is, no one ever keeps law perfectly, and therefore no one can ever be saved by law. The weakness of the Old Testament was not in the Law of Moses. It was ordained by angels and given by God Himself (Galatians 3:19). Indeed:
Grace is not license. License says "do as you please and God will overlook it." That perverts the grace of God. It ignores the fundamental fact of God's nature that He is holy and always punishes sin with death. Grace is not legalism. Legalism says "here are the rules; keep them and be saved". Legalism frustrates the true grace of God. It ignores the fundamental fact of our nature that we are weak in the flesh and always sin. We never keep the rules perfectly. How, then, is anyone to be saved? How can we harmonize God's holy nature on the one hand, with our weakness on the other -- and still have anyone enjoy the favor of God? If grace is not license, if it is not legalism, what is it? Scripture answers this question very clearly.
The true grace of God is God's work in His Son Jesus Christ:
Yet in some way, John is contrasting law -- as characteristic of the Old system -- to grace -- as characteristic of Jesus Christ. What is God's true grace? It came by Jesus Christ. It is specific to Jesus Christ and His work. Grace will be found in relation to the Son of God Himself -- the Son who became flesh and dwelt among us. He was full of grace and truth (John 1:14). Peter says that it was prophesied in advance that Christ would bring this grace to mankind, and that this grace would be our salvation:
How did God's grace involve Christ? What was involved in God's grace? It visibly began when God became incarnate to become a man in Jesus Christ. Paul says:
In dying when He personally had never sinned, Jesus paid the price for our sins -- and those of every person who will finally be saved throughout the entire world! Remember our two eternal principles: God demands death for sin; fallen humans always sin. Here we see how the two truths are reconciled for our salvation. Jesus died for our sins! HE TOOK OUR PLACE. God does not overlook sin -- a monumental price is paid for it -- the perfect life of the Son of God! The only man who ever did what God wanted died for those who never had. Here is the grace of God! It is not a cheap grace -- it cost the life of the Son of God. He died in our place. Paul tells us this same thing in Second Corinthians:
Peter tells us this in other words:
But Jesus was raised again "for our justification." His resurrection demonstrated to the entire watching universe that God loves sinners and that, in Jesus, he has saved those who do not reject His grace, those of every nation and time and place in whom God sees the faith of Abraham. If we ever wonder whether we are forgiven, we need look only by faith at that empty tomb where Jesus was once buried. If we think of Jesus' death as the payment for our sins, we may also think of Jesus' resurrection as God's guaranteed and irrevocable receipt. Here is the grace of God! It comes through Jesus Christ. In Jesus of Nazareth, the God of the universe became man -- made in the likeness of man -- came to be like sinful flesh. He was actually and really one of us, though He was still deity. But, unlike us, Jesus did not sin. Instead He did the will of God perfectly in His human body. Then the only sinless man who ever lived died a cruel death for sinners like you and me who will never deserve anything else than death. Here is the grace of God. And here is why Jesus Christ is the very heart and soul, the center and circumference, of the New Testament. He is the author and finisher of our faith. He is the Alpha and the Omega. He is the beginning and the end. He is the first and the last. He is our peace, our justification, our holiness. We owe everything to Him.
Paul says in Romans, chapter 5, that we are justified by faith (v. 1). Faith means trusting God to love us, because of what He did in Jesus Christ, and entrusting ourselves wholeheartedly to that divine love. Salvation is by grace -- we do not deserve God's favor toward us and we can never earn it. We access this grace by faith, which means that we must always look outside ourselves for our salvation (2 Timothy 1:12). We cannot perform the work that results in our salvation, for Jesus has already done that, once for all time. We cannot add to that finished work, or improve on it. We can only trust God to be gracious to us as He promises in Christ. If we picture grace as the room of God's favor, we may think of faith as the door into that room (Romans 5:1-2). God accepts us because of Christ's work on our behalf. We enjoy that grace by accepting it as fact, trusting it as sufficient, and throwing ourselves on it in total and eternal abandon, to become servants of righteousness and true holiness in Christ. We do not earn God's favor. We cannot ever please Him enough to be given His blessings. We certainly could never pay for our own sins and be saved. But in Christ God has brought together the justice that is His nature and the weakness that is ours: Christ became a man and took our place. God's grace deals with the weakness of our flesh because salvation does not depend on our weak flesh -- Jesus has earned it for us already! It also takes into account God's holiness, because sin is punished -- by the death of God's sinless Son! And so Paul can say to the Ephesian Christians:
We are saved because we are one with Christ -- and He has offered both a perfect life and death for us, our salvation. We are one with Christ on the basis of faith, in the beginning and throughout life. True faith will seek to please him. Yet it is not legalism. There is a vast difference between law keeping and law-depending. We will want to do God's will, yet we never will trust in our own performance for our salvation. We glory only in the cross of Christ. Any system, any concept of Christianity, any "ism," any movement, which makes salvation dependent on our own ability to please God destroys and invalidates the work of Christ. If we could have been saved because of our own performance then Christ died for nothing! If keeping the rules could save people, Christ could have stayed in Heaven -- God's people had possessed perfect rules for centuries. The weakness of the Old Testament was the weakness of man. That is the same weakness of any system which depends on us. It is one thing to seek God's will in a matter because we love Him and want to please Him. It is another thing altogether to approach that same matter with the idea that our salvation depends on our own good performance or merit. This attitude is legalism, and it will always lead to pride (insofar as we are successful) or to despair and hopelessness (insofar as we fail). It is right and proper to seek to please God as thoroughly and exactly and precisely as possible. Any true believer will want to do that, and anyone who does not want to do that is not a true believer. But it is a far different matter to create a system, to formulate a creed, or to devise an elaborate set of rules, and then DEPEND ON OUR OWN KEEPING OF THOSE FOR OUR SALVATION. Let us seek to please God. That is what true faith will always do. Let us ask God for forgiveness when we fall. That is what true faith will always do. Let us rejoice in the work of Christ on our behalf. Let us glory in the cross of Christ. Let us say -- first, last, and always -- "God, be merciful to me a sinner!" And -- in Christ -- we know that he always will!
Wonderful grace of Jesus, Greater than all my sin;
Wonderful grace of Jesus, reaching to all the lost,
Wonderful grace of Jesus, reaching the most defiled,
Chorus:
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